补虚解毒化瘀方对单侧输尿管梗阻大鼠健侧肾脏肾小球细胞增殖的抑制作用

目的观察补虚解毒化瘀方对单侧输尿管梗阻大鼠健侧肾脏肾小球细胞增殖的抑制作用。方法结扎大鼠单侧输尿管诱导肾脏损伤。40只大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、依普利酮组和中药治疗组。10 d后苏木精-伊红染色(HE)观察肾脏组织病理变化;Sirius red染色检测胶原在肾脏的沉积;免疫组织化学染色及蛋白印迹方法检测缺氧诱导因子1α(HIF-1α)、转化生长因子(TGF-β1)和增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)的表达。结果模型组较假手术组肾小球PCNA阳性细胞明显增多(P<0.05),肾组织中HIF-1α、TGF-β1、PCNA蛋白表达明显升高(P<0.05);补虚解毒化瘀方及醛固酮受体阻断剂依普利酮可以下调其表达(P<0.05)。结论补虚解毒化瘀方可通过调节HIF-1α的表达抑制单侧输尿管梗阻健侧肾小球细胞增殖。     

单侧扩大翼点人路显微手术治疗颅内多发动脉瘤

目的探讨单侧扩大翼点入路显微手术治疗颅内多发动脉瘤的适应症、手术时机及手术入路。方法对本院经单侧扩大翼点人人路一期手术治疗的颅内多发动脉瘤患者进行回顾性研究,总结显微手术治疗方法。结果13例患者共28个动脉瘤均一期手术夹闭,其中后交通动脉瘤14个,前交通动脉瘤6个,大脑中动脉瘤5个,脉络膜前动脉瘤2个,颈内动脉分又部1个,术后CTA复查示多发动脉瘤消失,载瘤动脉通畅,无死亡病人。结论单侧扩大翼点人路显微手术可治疗部分颅内多发动脉瘤,根据多发动脉瘤的特征设计个体化治疗方案可达到良好效果。     

驾照体检中使用Humphrey自定义程序评估单眼视力障碍人群的视野

目的：研究Humphrey视野计设置专用自定义检查程序在评估单眼视力障碍者视野检查中的作用。

方法：回顾性分析2016-07-01/2017-06-30因申请驾驶执照在我院眼科接受视野检查的单眼视力障碍受检者的资料,均采用Humphrey自定义功能设置覆盖了从颞侧90°到鼻部60°、水平中线上下30°区域的检查程序,并设置相应的可靠性检测试验(“1 EYE Screening”程序检查),综合分析受检者的视野范围和测试的可靠性。

结果：排除重复测量报告后,本研究纳入单眼视力障碍受检者618例,单眼视力障碍最常见的原因是眼外伤(49.7%)和弱视(29.3%),受检者中有497例(80.4%)通过了测试,121例未通过测试者中有85例(70.2%)是由于鼻视野受限(小于60°),12例是因为眼球震颤或配合欠佳导致固视丢失。与测试失败组相比,通过组受检者年龄更大,人均正确应答点数更多,人均测试时间更短(均P<0.05)。通过组中,等效球镜度<0.5D的受试者占比明显高于失败组中的(77.5% vs 62.8%, χ²=7.264,P=0.007)。

结论：Humphrey 自定义检查程序“1 EYE Screening”可用于判断单眼视力障碍的驾驶执照申请者视野是否达到150°。     

Unilateral Reversible Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome after Coiling of an Aneurysm

Background

Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) is radiologically characterized by symmetrical subcortical areas of vasogenic edema that are preferentially parieto-occipital, and it typically resolves after appropriate treatment.

Case Report

We present a patient with strikingly unilateral RPLS that developed 21 days after coiling of an anterior communicating artery aneurysm and several days of triple-H therapy. Cortical and subcortical vasogenic edema and enhancement developed only in the left hemisphere, with a pattern suggesting RPLS. After 7 months the lesions had nearly completely resolved.

Conclusions

The pathophysiological mechanism underlying RPLS is still not well understood, which makes it difficult to explain the unilateral appearance in this case. Since the imaging findings may be confused with other conditions such as ischemia, recognition of RPLS after coiling is necessary in order to avoid inadequate treatment.     

改良Mohler法先天性单侧唇裂修复及同期鼻畸形矫正术围手术期护理

目的总结26例运用改良Mohler法进行先天性单侧唇裂修复及同期鼻畸形矫正术患儿的围手术期护理要点,为临床该类整形患儿护理专业化提供借鉴。方法对2018年1月~2019年12月在我院接受改良Mohler法先天性单侧唇裂修复及同期鼻畸形矫正术的26例患儿及家长实施围手术期护理,具体措施包括术前患儿家长心理护理和健康宣教,术后患儿口腔护理及饮食指导、皮瓣观察及护理、呼吸道护理、健康宣教、心理疏导等。结果 26例改良Mohler法先天性单侧唇裂修复及同期鼻畸形矫正手术均顺利完成,术后切口愈合良好,患儿鼻唇部线距均得到明显改善,双侧唇高、唇长、鼻孔宽度对称,术后3个月随访,4例存在裂隙侧唇峰上移,唇高不足,术后6个月随访,畸形无加重,上唇缩短症状明显改善,患儿家属对手术效果满意,护理满意度100%。结论改良Mohler法单侧唇裂修复及同期鼻畸形矫正术可有效修复先天性单侧唇裂鼻畸形,恢复鼻唇部正常三维形态,围手术期的科学护理对手术顺利完成和保证修复效果至关重要。     

护理干预对脑损伤致单侧视觉空间忽略的影响

目的观察护理干预对脑损伤致单侧视觉空间忽略临床疗效的影响。方法将确诊的脑损伤致单侧视觉空间忽略患者随机分成护理干预组和常规组，护理干预组在常规组的基础上配合康复护理。治疗前后分别采用二等分线段、数字划销、画钟试验等方法观察两组患者认知功能恢复情况。结果护理干预组治疗后显著优于常规组（P〈0.001）。结论康复护理干预对改善单侧视觉空间忽略具有重要作用。     

散瞳剂托吡卡胺不同间期给药对散瞳效果的影响

近年来青少年屈光不正,特别是近视的发病率及患病率呈不断增高趋势,给青少年的日常生活、工作、学习带来诸多不便和烦恼,已成为社会普遍关注的问题。迄今,近视尚无理想的预防和治疗方法,配戴镜片矫正仍是大家公认的最为有效的治疗方法[1]。配戴镜片需要散瞳验光,新型快速散瞳剂     

Correlations between initial cleft size and dental anomalies in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients after alveolar bone grafting

Objective To determine in individuals with unilateral cleft lip and palate the correlation between initial cleft size and dental anomalies, and the outcome of alveolar bone grafting.

Methods A total of 67 consecutive patients with non-syndromic unilateral complete cleft lip and palate (UCLP) were included from the cleft lip and palate-craniofacial center, Uppsala University Hospital, Sweden. All patients were operated by the same surgeon and treated according to the Uppsala protocol entailing: lip plasty at 3 months, soft palate closure at 6 months, closure of the residual cleft in the hard palate at 2 years of age, and secondary alveolar bone grafting (SABG) prior to the eruption of the permanent canine. Cleft size was measured on dental casts obtained at the time of primary lip plasty. Dental anomalies were registered on radiographs and dental casts obtained before bone grafting. Alveolar bone height was evaluated with the Modified Bergland Index (mBI) at 1 and 10-year follow-up.

Results Anterior cleft width correlated positively with enamel hypoplasia and rotation of the central incisor adjacent to the cleft. There was, however, no correlation between initial cleft width and alveolar bone height at either 1 or 10 years follow-up.

Conclusions Wider clefts did not seem to have an impact on the success of secondary alveolar bone grafting but appeared to be associated with a higher degree of some dental anomalies. This finding may have implications for patient counseling and treatment planning.